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State by state Constitutional Laws on Voting

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State by state Constitutional Laws on Voting

Alabama

(a) Only a citizen of the United States who has attained the age of eighteen years and has resided in this state and in a county thereof for the time provided by law, if registered as provided by law, shall have the right to vote in the county of his or her residence. The Legislature may prescribe reasonable and nondiscriminatory requirements as prerequisites to registration for voting. The Legislature shall, by statute, prescribe a procedure by which eligible citizens can register to vote.

https://alison.legislature.state.al.us/constitution

Alaska

Every citizen of the United States who is at least eighteen years of age, who meets registration residency requirements which may be prescribed by law, and who is qualified to vote under this article, may vote in any state or local election. A voter shall have been, immediately preceding the election, a thirty day resident of the election district in which he seeks to vote, except that for purposes of voting for President and Vice President of the United States other residency requirements may be prescribed by law. Additional voting qualifications may be prescribed by law for bond issue elections of political subdivisions. [Amended 1966, 1970 & 1972]

https://ltgov.alaska.gov/information/alaskas-constitution/#article-1

Arizona

Section 2. A. No person shall be entitled to vote at any general election, or for any office that now is, or hereafter may be, elective by the people, or upon any question which may be submitted to a vote of the people, unless such person be a citizen of the United States of the age of eighteen years or over, and shall have resided in the state for the period of time preceding such election as prescribed by law, provided that qualifications for voters at a general election for the purpose of electing presidential electors shall be as prescribed by law. The word “citizen” shall include persons of the male and female sex.

B. The rights of citizens of the United States to vote and hold office shall not be denied or abridged by the state, or any political division or municipality thereof, on account of sex, and the right to register, to vote and to hold office under any law now in effect, or which may hereafter be enacted, is hereby extended to, and conferred upon males and females alike.

https://www.azleg.gov/viewDocument/?docName=https://www.azleg.gov/const/7/2.htm

Arkansas

Except as otherwise provided by this Constitution, any person may vote in an election in this state who is:

A citizen of the United States;

A resident of the State of Arkansas;

At least eighteen (18) years of age; and

Lawfully registered to vote in the election.

https://law.justia.com/constitution/arkansas/article-3/section-1/

California

California Constitution

Article II – Voting, Initiative and Referendum, and Recall

Section 2.

Universal Citation: CA Constitution art II § 2

SEC. 2.

A United States citizen 18 years of age and resident in this State may vote.

https://law.justia.com/constitution/california/article-ii/section-2/

Colorado

1-1-103. Election code liberally construed. (1) This code shall be liberally construed

so that all eligible electors may be permitted to vote and those who are not eligible electors may be kept from voting in order to prevent fraud and corruption in elections.

QUALIFICATIONS OF ELECTORS

1-2-101. Qualifications for registration – preregistration. (1) Every person who is

eighteen years of age or older on the date of the next election and who has the following

qualifications is entitled to register to vote at all elections:

(a) The person is a citizen of the United States; and

(b) The person has resided in this state twenty-two days immediately prior to the election

at which the person intends to vote.

https://www.sos.state.co.us/pubs/info_center/laws/Title1/Title1.pdf

Connecticut

SEC. 1. Every citizen of the United States who has attained the age of twenty-one years, who has resided in the town in which he offers himself to be admitted to the privileges of an elector at least six months next preceding the time he so offers himself, who is able to read in the English language any article of the constitution or any section of the statutes of the state, and who sustains a good moral character, shall, on his taking such oath as may be prescribed by law, be an elector.

https://portal.ct.gov/sots/register-manual/section-i/constitution-of-the-state-of-connecticut

Delaware

§ 2. Qualifications for voting; members of the Armed Services of the United States stationed within State; persons disqualified; forfeiture of right.

Section 2.

(a) Every citizen of this State of the age of twenty-one years who shall have been a resident thereof one year next preceding an election, and for the last three months a resident of the county, and for the last thirty days a resident of the hundred or election district in which he or she may offer to vote, and in which he or she shall have been duly registered as hereinafter provided for, shall be entitled to vote at such election in the hundred or election district of which he or she shall at the time be a resident, and in which he or she shall be registered, for all officers that now are or hereafter may be elected by the people and upon all questions which may be submitted to the vote of the people; provided, however, that no person who shall attain the age of twenty-one years after the first day of January in the year of our Lord, nineteen hundred, or after that date shall become a citizen of the United States, shall have the right to vote unless he or she shall be able to read this Constitution in the English language and write his or her name; but these requirements shall not apply to any person who by reason of physical disability shall be unable to comply therewith; and provided also, that no person in the military, naval, or marine service of the United States shall be considered as acquiring a residence in this State, by being stationed in any garrison, barrack, or military or naval place or station within this State; and no person adjudged mentally incompetent or person convicted of a crime deemed by law felony, or incapacitated under the provisions of this Constitution from voting, shall enjoy the right of an elector; and the General Assembly may impose the forfeiture of the right of suffrage as a punishment for crime.

§ 2B. Residence requirements of persons from other states; election of President and Vice-President of United States; qualifications.

Section 2B. The General Assembly shall extend to a citizen of the United States who has resided in this State for at least 3 months next preceding an election but who does not meet the residence requirements established in Article V, Section 2 of this Constitution, the right to vote for the choice of electors for President and Vice-President of the United States, but for no other offices, provided such citizen was either a qualified voter in another state immediately prior to his or her removal to this State, or would have been eligible to vote in such other state had he or she remained there until such election, and provided that he or she is not entitled to vote for the choice of electors for President or Vice-President of the United States in any other state and provided further that such citizen would be an otherwise qualified voter under this Constitution except that he or she had not resided in this State for one year.

https://delcode.delaware.gov/constitution/constitution-06.html#P673_105630

Florida

SECTION 2. Electors.—Only a citizen of the United States who is at least eighteen years of age and who is a permanent resident of the state, if registered as provided by law, shall be an elector of the county where registered.

History.—Am. proposed by Constitution Revision Commission, Revision No. 11, 1998, filed with the Secretary of State May 5, 1998; adopted 1998; Am. by Initiative Petition filed with the Secretary of State November 28, 2018; adopted 2020.

SECTION 3. Oath.—Each eligible citizen upon registering shall subscribe the following: “I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will protect and defend the Constitution of the United States and the Constitution of the State of Florida, and that I am qualified to register as an elector under the Constitution and laws of the State of Florida.”

http://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?submenu=3#A6

Georgia

ARTICLE II.

VOTING AND ELECTIONS

SECTION I.

METHOD OF VOTING; RIGHT TO REGISTER AND VOTE

Paragraph I. Method of voting. Elections by the people shall be by secret ballot

and shall be conducted in accordance with procedures provided by law.

Paragraph II. Right to register and vote. Every person who is a citizen of the

United States and a resident of Georgia as defined by law, who is at least 18 years

of age and not disenfranchised by this article, and who meets minimum residency

requirements as provided by law shall be entitled to vote at any election by the people.

The General Assembly shall provide by law for the registration of electors.

https://sos.ga.gov/sites/default/files/2022-02/state_constitution.pdf

Hawaii

Article II

Suffrage And Elections

QUALIFICATIONS

Section 1. Every citizen of the United States who shall have attained the age of eighteen years, have been a resident of this State not less than one year next preceding the election and be a voter registered as provided by law, shall be qualified to vote in any state or local election. [Am Const Con 1968 and election Nov 5, 1968; am SB 41 (1971) and election Nov 7, 1972; am Const Con 1978 and election Nov 7, 1978]

https://lrb.hawaii.gov/constitution/#articleii

Idaho

ARTICLE VI SUFFRAGE AND ELECTIONS

Section 2. QUALIFICATIONS OF ELECTORS. [EFFECTIVE UNTIL APPROVAL OF THE ELECTORATE AT THE GENERAL ELECTION NOVEMBER 2024] Every male or female citizen of the United States, eighteen years old, who has resided in this state, and in the county where he or she offers to vote for the period provided by law, if registered as provided by law, is a qualified elector.

https://legislature.idaho.gov/statutesrules/idconst/ArtVI/Sect2/

Illinois

ARTICLE III

SUFFRAGE AND ELECTIONS

SECTION 1. VOTING QUALIFICATIONS

Every United States citizen who has attained the age of

18 or any other voting age required by the United States for

voting in State elections and who has been a permanent

resident of this State for at least 30 days next preceding

any election shall have the right to vote at such election.

The General Assembly by law may establish registration

requirements and require permanent residence in an election

district not to exceed thirty days prior to an election. The

General Assembly by law may establish shorter residence

requirements for voting for President and Vice-President of

the United States.

https://www.ilga.gov/commission/lrb/conent.htm

Indiana

Section 2. (a) A citizen of the United States who is at least

eighteen (18) years of age and who has been a resident of a

precinct thirty(30) days immediatelypreceding an election may

vote in that precinct at the election

https://iga.in.gov/publications/indiana_constitution/Archive%20Constitution%20(as%20amended%202018).pdf

Iowa

ARTICLE II.

RIGHT OF SUFFRAGE.

Section 1. Electors. Every citizen of the United States of the age of twenty-one years,

who shall have been a resident of this state for such period of time as shall be provided by

law and of the county in which he claims his vote for such period of time as shall be provided

by law, shall be entitled to vote at all elections which are now or hereafter may be authorized

by law. The general assembly may provide by law for different periods of residence in order

to vote for various officers or in order to vote in various elections. The required periods of

residence shall not exceed six months in this state and sixty days in the county.

https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/publications/ICP/1207142.pdf

Kansas

Article 5: Suffrage

§ 1: Qualifications of electors. Every citizen of the United States who has attained the age of eighteen years and who resides in the voting area in which he or she seeks to vote shall be deemed a qualified elector. Laws of this state relating to voting for presidential electors and candidates for the office of president and vice-president of the United States shall comply with the laws of the United States relating thereto. A citizen of the United States, who is otherwise quali fied to vote in Kansas for presidential electors and candidates for the offices of president and vice-president of the United States may vote for such officers either in person or by absentee ballot notwithstanding the fact that such person may have becom e a nonresident of this state if his or her removal from this state occurs during a period in accordance with federal law next preceding such election. A person who is otherwise a qualified elector may vote in the voting area of his or her former residenc e either in person or by absentee ballot notwithstanding the fact that such person may have become a nonresident of such voting area during a period prescribed by law next preceding the election at which he or she seeks to vote, if his new residence is in another voting area in the state of Kansas.

https://law.justia.com/constitution/kansas/art5.html

Kentucky

Section 145 Persons entitled to vote.

Every citizen of the United States of the age of eighteen years who has resided in

the state one year, and in the county six months, and the precinct in which he offers to

vote sixty days next preceding the election, shall be a voter in said precinct and not

elsewhere but the following persons are excepted and shall not have the right to vote.

https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/Law/Constitution/Constitution/ViewConstitution?rsn=166

Louisiana

Section 10.(A) Right to Vote. Every citizen of the state, upon reaching eighteen years of age, shall have the right to register and vote, except that this right may be suspended while a person is interdicted and judicially declared mentally incompetent or is under an order of imprisonment for conviction of a felony.

https://law.justia.com/constitution/louisiana/Article1.html#%C3%9F10.%20Right%20to%20Vote;%20Disqualification%20from%20Seeking%20or%20Holding%20an%20Elective%20Office

Maine

Section 1. Qualifications of electors; written ballot; military servicemen;

students. Every citizen of the United States of the age of 18 years and upwards,

excepting persons under guardianship for reasons of mental illness, having his or her

residence established in this State, shall be an elector for Governor, Senators and

Representatives, in the city, town or plantation where his or her residence has been

established, if he or she continues to reside in this State; and the elections shall be by

written ballot. But persons in the military, naval or marine service of the United States,

or this State, shall not be considered as having obtained such established residence by

being stationed in any garrison, barrack or military place, in any city, town or plantation;

nor shall the residence of a student at any seminary of learning entitle the student to the

right of suffrage in the city, town or plantation where such seminary is established. No

person, however, shall be deemed to have lost residence by reason of the person’s

absence from the state in the military service of the United States, or of this State.

https://legislature.maine.gov/doc/9050

Maryland

Art. 7. That the right of the People to participate in the Legislature is the best security of liberty and the foundation of all free Government; for this purpose, elections ought to be free and frequent; and every citizen having the qualifications prescribed by the Constitution, ought to have the right of suffrage (amended by Chapter 357, Acts of 1971, ratified Nov. 7, 1972).

https://msa.maryland.gov/msa/mdmanual/43const/html/00dec.html

Massachusetts

Article XXIII.

[No person of foreign birth shall be entitled to vote, or shall be eligible to office, unless he shall have resided within the jurisdiction of the United States for two years subsequent to his naturalization, and shall be otherwise qualified, according to the constitution and laws of this commonwealth: provided, that this amendment shall not affect the rights which any person of foreign birth possessed at the time of the adoption thereof; and, provided, further, that it shall not affect the rights of any child of a citizen of the United States, born during the temporary absence of the parent therefrom.] [Annulled by Amendments, Art. XXVI].

https://malegislature.gov/Laws/Constitution

Michigan

§ 1 Qualifications of electors; residence.

Sec. 1. Every citizen of the United States who has attained the age of 21 years, who has

resided in this state six months, and who meets the requirements of local residence provided

by law, shall be an elector and qualified to vote in any election except as otherwise provided in this constitution. The legislature shall define residence for voting purposes.

https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Publications/MIConstitution.pdf

Minnesota

Section 1. Eligibility; place of voting; ineligible persons. Every person 18 years of age or more who has been a citizen of the United States for three months and who has resided in the precinct for 30 days next preceding an election shall be entitled to vote in that precinct. The place of voting by one otherwise qualified who has changed his residence within 30 days preceding the election shall be prescribed by law. The following persons shall not be entitled or permitted to vote at any election in this state: A person not meeting the above requirements; a person who has been convicted of treason or felony, unless restored to civil rights; a person under guardianship, or a person who is insane or not mentally competent.

https://www.revisor.mn.gov/constitution/

Mississippi

SECTION 241. Qualifications for electors.

Every inhabitant of this state, except idiots and insane persons, who

is a citizen of the United States of America, eighteen (18) years old and

upward, who has been a resident of this state for one (1) year, and for one

(1) year in the county in which he offers to vote, and for six (6) months in

the election precinct or in the incorporated city or town in which he offers

to vote, and who is duly registered as provided in this article, and who

has never been convicted of murder, rape, bribery, theft, arson, obtaining

money or goods under false pretense, perjury, forgery, embezzlement or

bigamy, is declared to be a qualified elector, except that he shall be qualified

to vote for President and Vice President of the United States if he meets the

requirements established by Congress therefor and is otherwise a qualified

elector.

https://www.sos.ms.gov/content/documents/ed_pubs/pubs/Mississippi_Constitution.pdf

Missouri

Section 2. Qualifications of voters—disqualifications.—All citizens of the United

States, including occupants of soldiers’ and sailors’ homes, over the age of eighteen who

are residents of this state and of the political subdivision in which they offer to vote are

entitled to vote at all elections by the people, if the election is one for which registration is

required if they are registered within the time prescribed by law, or if the election is one for

which registration is not required, if they have been residents of the political subdivision

in which they offer to vote for thirty days next preceding the election for which they offer

to vote: Provided however, no person who has a guardian of his or her estate or person by

reason of mental incapacity, appointed by a court of competent jurisdiction and no person

who is involuntarily confined in a mental institution pursuant to an adjudication of a court

of competent jurisdiction shall be entitled to vote, and persons convicted of felony, or crime

connected with the exercise of the right of suffrage may be excluded by law from voting.

https://www.sos.mo.gov/CMSImages/Publications/CurrentMissouriConstitution.pdf

Montana

Section 2. Qualified elector. Any citizen of the United States 18 years of age or older who meets the registration and residence requirements provided by law is a qualified elector unless he is serving a sentence for a felony in a penal institution or is of unsound mind, as determined by a court.

https://leg.mt.gov/bills/mca/title_0000/article_0040/part_0010/section_0020/0000-0040-0010-0020.html

Nebraska

VI-1.

Qualifications of electors.

Every citizen of the United States who has attained the age of eighteen years on or before the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November and has resided within the state and the county and voting precinct for the terms provided by law shall, except as provided in section 2 of this article, be an elector for the calendar year in which such citizen has attained the age of eighteen years and for all succeeding calendar years.

https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/articles.php?article=VI-1

Nevada

Section 1.  Right to vote; qualifications of elector; qualifications of nonelector to vote for President and Vice President of United States.  All citizens of the United States (not laboring under the disabilities named in this constitution) of the age of eighteen years and upwards, who shall have actually, and not constructively, resided in the state six months, and in the district or county thirty days next preceding any election, shall be entitled to vote for all officers that now or hereafter may be elected by the people, and upon all questions submitted to the electors at such election; provided, that no person who has been or may be convicted of treason or felony in any state or territory of the United States, unless restored to civil rights, and no person who has been adjudicated mentally incompetent, unless restored to legal capacity, shall be entitled to the privilege of an elector. There shall be no denial of the elective franchise at any election on account of sex. The legislature may provide by law the conditions under which a citizen of the United States who does not have the status of an elector in another state and who does not meet the residence requirements of this section may vote in this state for President and Vice President of the United States.

https://www.leg.state.nv.us/Division/Legal/Lawlibrary/Const/NvConst.html

New Hampshire

[Art.] 11. [Elections and Elective Franchises.] All elections are to be free, and every inhabitant of the state of 18 years of age and upwards shall have an equal right to vote in any election. Every person shall be considered an inhabitant for the purposes of voting in the town, ward, or unincorporated place where he has his domicile. No person shall have the right to vote under the constitution of this state who has been convicted of treason, bribery or any willful violation of the election laws of this state or of the United States; but the supreme court may, on notice to the attorney general, restore the privilege to vote to any person who may have forfeited it by conviction of such offenses. The general court shall provide by law for voting by qualified voters who at the time of the biennial or state elections, or of the primary elections therefor, or of city elections, or of town elections by official ballot, are absent from the city or town of which they are inhabitants, or who by reason of physical disability are unable to vote in person, in the choice of any officer or officers to be elected or upon any question submitted at such election. Voting registration and polling places shall be easily accessible to all persons including disabled and elderly persons who are otherwise qualified to vote in the choice of any officer or officers to be elected or upon any question submitted at such election. The right to vote shall not be denied to any person because of the non payment of any tax. Every inhabitant of the state, having the proper qualifications, has equal right to be elected into office.

https://www.nh.gov/glance/bill-of-rights.htm

New Jersey

3. (a) Every citizen of the United States, of the age of 18 years, who shall have been a resident of this State and of the county in which he claims his vote 30 days, next before the election, shall be entitled to vote for all officers that now are or hereafter may be elective by the people, and upon all questions which may be submitted to a vote of the people; and

https://www.njleg.state.nj.us/constitution

New Mexico

A. Every person who is a qualified

elector pursuant to the constitution and laws

of the United States and a citizen thereof

shall be qualified to vote in all elections

in New Mexico, subject to residency and

registration requirements provided by law,

except as restricted by statute either by reason of criminal conviction for a felony or

by reason of mental incapacity, being limited only to those persons who are unable to

mark their ballot and who are concurrently

also unable to communicate their voting

preference. The legislature may enact laws

providing for absentee voting by qualified

electors. All school elections shall be held

at different times from partisan elections.

https://api.realfile.rtsclients.com/PublicFiles/ee3072ab0d43456cb15a51f7d82c77a2/edc2eeb7-cde2-4a2b-914a-dfd17b102156/NM_Constitution_SOS-2023.pdf

New York

Section 1. Every citizen shall be entitled to vote at every election for all

officers elected by the people and upon all questionssubmitted to the vote of the

people provided thatsuch citizen is eighteen years of age or over and shall have

been a resident of this state, and of the county, city, or village for thirty days

next preceding an election

https://dos.ny.gov/system/files/documents/2024/05/constitution-5-8-24.pdf

North Carolina

Section 1. Who may vote.

Every person born in the United States and every person who has been naturalized, 18 years of age, and possessing the qualifications set out in this Article, shall be entitled to vote at any election by the people of the State, except as herein otherwise provided.

https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Constitution/NCConstitution.html

North Dakota

Section 1. The general election of the state shall be held biennially as provided by law.

Only a citizen of the United States, who has attained the age of eighteen years and who is a North Dakota resident, shall be a qualified elector. When an elector moves within the state, he shall be entitled to vote in the precinct from which he moves until he establishes voting residence in another precinct.

https://www.ndcourts.gov/legal-resources/nd-constitution/article-ii-elective-franchise

Ohio

Only a citizen of the United States, of the age of eighteen years, who has been a resident of the state, county, township, or ward, such time as may be provided by law, and has been registered to vote for thirty days, has the qualifications of an elector, and is entitled to vote at all elections. No person who lacks those qualifications shall be permitted to vote at any state or local election held in this state. Any elector who fails to vote in at least one election during any period of four consecutive years shall cease to be an elector unless the elector again registers to vote.

https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-constitution/section-5.1

Oklahoma

SECTION III-1. Qualifications of electors.

Subject to such exceptions as the Legislature may prescribe, all

citizens of the United States, over the age of eighteen (18) years,

who are bona fide residents of this state, are qualified electors of

this state.

https://oksenate.gov/sites/default/files/2019-12/AllOKConstitutionArticles.pdf

Oregon

Section 2. Qualifications of electors. (1) Every citizen of the United States is entitled to vote in all elections not otherwise provided for by this Constitution if such citizen:

(a) Is 18 years of age or older;

(b) Has resided in this state during the six months immediately preceding the election, except that provision may be made by law to permit a person who has resided in this state less than 30 days immediately preceding the election, but who is otherwise qualified under this subsection, to vote in the election for candidates for nomination or election for President or Vice President of the United States or elector of President and Vice President of the United States; and

(c) Is registered not less than 20 calendar days immediately preceding any election in the manner provided by law.

https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/Pages/OrConst.aspx

Pennsylvania

§ 1. Qualifications of electors.

Every citizen 21 years of age, possessing the following qualifications, shall be entitled to vote at all elections subject, however, to such laws requiring and regulating the registration of electors as the General Assembly may enact.

1. He or she shall have been a citizen of the United States at least one month.

2. He or she shall have resided in the State 90 days immediately preceding the election.

3. He or she shall have resided in the election district where he or she shall offer to vote at least 60 days immediately preceding the election, except that if qualified to vote in an election district prior to removal of residence, he or she may, if a resident of Pennsylvania, vote in the election district from which he or she removed his or her residence within 60 days preceding the election.

https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/00/00.HTM

Rhode Island

Section 1. Persons entitled to vote.

Every citizen of the United States of the age of eighteen years or over who has had residence and home in this state for thirty days next preceding the time of voting, who has resided thirty days in the town or city from which such citizen desires to vote, and whose name shall be registered at least thirty days next preceding the time of voting as provided by law, shall have the right to vote for all offices to be elected and on all questions submitted to the electors, except that no person who has been lawfully adjudicated to be non compos mentis shall be permitted to vote. No person who is incarcerated in a correctional facility upon a felony conviction shall be permitted to vote until such person is discharged from the facility. Upon discharge, such person’s right to vote shall be restored. The general assembly may provide by law for shorter state and local residence requirements to vote for electors for president and vice president of the United States.

http://webserver.rilin.state.ri.us/RiConstitution/ConstFull.html

South Carolina

SECTION 4. Voter qualifications.

Every citizen of the United States and of this State of the age of eighteen and upwards who is properly registered is entitled to vote as provided by law.

https://www.scstatehouse.gov/scconstitution/A02.pdf

South Dakota

§ 2. Voter qualification. Every United States citizen eighteen years of age or older who has met all residency and registration requirements shall be entitled to vote in all elections and upon all questions submitted to the voters of the state unless disqualified by law for mental incompetence or the conviction of a felony. The Legislature may by law establish reasonable requirements to insure the integrity of the vote.

https://sdlegislature.gov/Constitution/7

Tennessee

Section 1. Every person, being eighteen years of age, being a citizen of the United States,

being a resident of the State for a period of time as prescribed by the General Assembly, and

being duly registered in the county of residence for a period of time prior to the day of any

election as prescribed by the General Assembly, shall be entitled to vote in all federal, state,

and local elections held in the county or district in which such person resides. All such

requirements shall be equal and uniform across the state, and there shall be no other

qualification attached to the right of suffrage.

https://publications.tnsosfiles.com/pub/2023%20TN%20Constitution.pdf

Texas

Sec. 2. QUALIFIED VOTER; REGISTRATION; ABSENTEE VOTING. (a) Every

person subject to none of the disqualifications provided by Section 1 of this

article or by a law enacted under that section who is a citizen of the United States

and who is a resident of this state shall be deemed a qualified voter; provided,

however, that before offering to vote at an election a voter shall have registered,

but such requirement for registration shall not be considered a qualification of

a voter within the meaning of the term “qualified voter” as used in any other

Article of this Constitution in respect to any matter except qualification and

eligibility to vote at an election.

https://tlc.texas.gov/docs/legref/TxConst.pdf

Utah

Article IV, Section 2. [Qualifications to vote.]

Every citizen of the United States, eighteen years of age or over, who makes proper proof of residence in this state for thirty days next preceding any election, or for such other period as required by law, shall be entitled to vote in the election.

https://le.utah.gov/xcode/ArticleIV/Article_IV,_Section_2.html?v=UC_AIV_S2_1800010118000101

Vermont

§ 42. [Voter’s qualifications and oath]

Every person of the full age of eighteen years who is a citizen of the United States, having resided in this State for the period established by the General Assembly and who is of a quiet and peaceable behavior, and will take the following oath or affirmation, shall be entitled to all the privileges of a voter of this state:

You solemnly swear (or affirm) that whenever you give your vote or suffrage, touching any matter that concerns the State of Vermont, you will do it so as in your conscience you shall judge will most conduce to the best good of the same, as established by the Constitution, without fear or favor of any person.

https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/constitution-of-the-state-of-vermont/

Virginia

Section 1. Qualifications of voters.

In elections by the people, the qualifications of voters shall be as follows: Each voter shall be a citizen of the United States, shall be eighteen years of age, shall fulfill the residence requirements set forth in this section, and shall be registered to vote pursuant to this article. No person who has been convicted of a felony shall be qualified to vote unless his civil rights have been restored by the Governor or other appropriate authority. As prescribed by law, no person adjudicated to be mentally incompetent shall be qualified to vote until his competency has been reestablished.

https://law.lis.virginia.gov/constitutionfull/

Washington

SECTION 1 QUALIFICATIONS OF ELECTORS. All persons of the age of

eighteen years or over who are citizens of the United States and who

have lived in the state, county, and precinct thirty days immediately

preceding the election at which they offer to vote, except those disqualified by Article VI, section 3 of this Constitution, shall be entitled to vote at all elections.

https://leg.wa.gov/CodeReviser/Documents/WAConstitution.pdf

West Virginia

2-3. Requisites of citizenship.

All persons residing in this state, born, or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, shall be citizens of this state.

4-1. Election and officers.

The citizens of the state shall be entitled to vote at all elections held within the counties in which they respectively reside; but no person who is a minor, or who has been declared mentally incompetent by a court of competent jurisdiction, or who is under conviction of treason, felony or bribery in an election, or who has not been a resident of the state and of the county in which he offers to vote, for thirty days next preceding such offer, shall be permitted to vote while such disability continues; but no person in the military, naval or marine service of the United States shall be deemed a resident of this state by reason of being stationed therein.

https://www.wvlegislature.gov/wvcode/wv_con.cfm

Wisconsin

Electors. SECTION 1. [Amended Nov. 1882, Nov. 1908, and

Nov. 1934; repealed April 1986; as created April 1986] Every

United States citizen age 18 or older who is a resident of an election district in this state is a qualified elector of that district.

https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/constitution/wi_unannotated

Wyoming

Sec. 2. Qualifications of electors. Every citizen of the United

States of the age of twenty-one years and upwards, who has resided in the

state or territory one year and in the county wherein such residence is located

sixty days next preceding any election, shall be entitled to vote at such

election, except as herein otherwise provided.

https://sos.wyo.gov/Forms/Publications/WYConstitution.pdf